Average Service Life of Different Residential Roofing Materials

Choosing the right roofing material is crucial for homeowners, as it directly impacts the durability, maintenance, and overall aesthetics of a house. Different roofing materials offer varying service lives, influenced by factors such as climate, installation quality, and maintenance.

Asphalt Shingles

Asphalt shingles are among the most popular roofing materials in North America, primarily due to their affordability and ease of installation. They typically have a service life ranging from 15 to 50 years, depending on the quality of the shingles and the climate. There are three main types: three-tab shingles, architectural shingles, and presidential grade architectural shingles. Three-tab shingles generally last about 15-20 years and are the most basic form of asphalt shingle. Architectural shingles are more durable as they are layered and have an average service life of around 25 years. Presidential grade shingles are a high-end asphalt shingle that are even thicker and more durable than typical architectural shingles and have an average service life of approximately 40-50 years. Proper ventilation and regular maintenance, such as clearing debris/moss and inspecting for damage, can extend their lifespan.

Low Slope Roofs (Thermoplastic, Roll Roofing, Built-Up Roofs)

There are several types of roofing materials that are used on low slope roofs. Some of the most common include thermoplastic, thermoset rubber, roll roofing, and built-up roofs. The two main types of thermoplastic roofing materials are PVC (polyvinyl chlorine) and TPO (thermoplastic olefin. These roofing materials have an average service life between 15 and 30 years.

Similar to thermoplastic is thermoset rubber, and the most common thermoset rubber roof material is EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer). EDPM has a similar service life to PVC and TPO roofs.

Roll roofing is another popular choice. It is a mineral surfaced asphalt product that comes in rolls of 100 square feet. Roll roofing is similar in composition to asphalt shingles but meant for low sloping roofs. Roll roofing has a shorter service life than other low slope materials at 5 to 15 years.

Built-Up Roof systems or BUR systems are comprised of multiple layers of asphalt applied between ply sheets or felts. BUR systems are relatively uncommon for residential roofs and are more so seen on commercial properties. BUR roofs typically last between 20 and 30 years.

Metal Roofs

Metal roofing is gaining popularity for its longevity and energy efficiency. Common materials include steel, aluminum, and copper, with service lives ranging from 30 to 50 years. Steel roofs, especially those treated with zinc or other coatings to prevent rust, typically last around 40 years. Aluminum roofs are slightly more durable, often reaching 50 years, while copper roofs can last over 70 years with proper care. Metal roofs are resistant to harsh weather conditions, such as heavy snow and strong winds, and require minimal maintenance.

Wood Shakes

Wood shakes and shingles offer a natural aesthetic and can last between 20 to 40 years, depending on the type of wood used and the local climate. Cedar is a popular choice, known for its resistance to decay and insect damage. However, wood roofs require regular maintenance, including cleaning and treating with preservatives to prevent mold and rot. In wet climates, wood roofs may experience a shorter lifespan due to moisture-related issues, while in dry
climates, they can last longer. Overall, the longevity of wood roofing can be significantly influenced by the level of maintenance it receives.

Tile Roofs

Clay and concrete tiles are known for their durability and classic appearance, with service lives averaging between 50 to 100 years. Clay tiles, particularly, are highly resistant to weathering and can last up to a century with proper maintenance. Concrete tiles, while slightly less durable than clay, still offer a lifespan of 50 to 70 years. Tile roofs are also fire-resistant and energy-efficient, making them a popular choice in warmer climates. However, their heavy weight requires a sturdy underlying structure, which can add to the installation costs.

Slate Roofs

Slate is one of the most durable roofing materials available, often exceeding a service life of 75 to 100 years. This natural stone is resistant to fire, wind, and moisture, making it an excellent choice for various climates. However, slate roofing is also one of the most expensive options due to the high cost of materials and labor-intensive installation.

When selecting roofing materials, homeowners should consider not only the initial cost but also the expected lifespan and maintenance requirements. Investing in a durable roofing option can provide peace of mind, protect the home from the elements, and ultimately enhance the property’s value. Homes are typically not designed for installation of all roofing materials. Factors such as, roof slope, structural capacity, and climate should be considered when buying a
home or replacing a roofing material. A qualified roofing contractor will be able to determine the best options for roof replacement. If you are concerned about the roofing material currently installed on your home, or the home you plan to buy, you should have the roof inspected by a qualified inspector or roofer.