Similar to a gutter and downspout system, roofs should be regularly cleaned and maintained (typically twice a year). This not only helps to prolong the life of the roof materials, but also helps to identify potential problem areas to repair before they lead to damage. Sealing fasteners, removing debris (leaf litter, branches, pine cones, etc), and ensuring that flashing remains in place around penetrations are some common areas to check and maintain on a regular basis.
While many homeowners use pressure washers to clean asphalt shingle roofs, this can severely damage the shingles and take years off its lifespan. Instead, use a sprayer attached to a garden hose to spray a chlorine bleach solution or moss remover over the shingles to kill the moss growth. After moss has been killed by the moss remover, it will loosen from the shingles and can be blown off with a leaf blower or lightly brushed off with a push broom. Applying the solution on a dry overcast day is best in order to prevent the solution from drying out too quickly in the sun or being diluted with rain.
Keep in mind the discharge location of the solution or remover as the chemicals can kill plants in your landscaping and redirecting the downspout extensions away from plants is important. Always use a hose bib that is protected with a backflow preventer or vacuum breaker to avoid water contaminated with chemicals back siphoning into the water distribution system. Lastly, always be safe when working on or around your roof as it can be slippery and dangerous.